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1.
Acta sci., Biol. sci ; 39(1): 21-26, jan.-mar. 2017. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-846716

ABSTRACT

The production of enzymes using agro-industrial waste is a low cost alternative for the reuse of byproducts, with the subsequent impact decrease on the environment. Current analysis produced xylanase using fungus Aspergillus niger, with two types of wastewater generated during the pulp chemical bleaching phase as inducers. Xylanase was produced by submerged liquid fermentation and factorial design optimized parameters that influence production (concentration of wastewater and production period). Initial culture conditions (pH, temperature and agitation) were optimized independently. Alkaline wastewater was more effective than acidic wastewater for the induction of xylanase in optimized conditions: 50% of culture medium, 7-day production, 30°C, pH 6.0 and agitation at 160 rpm. Despite different results, acidic and alkaline wastewaters induced xylanase production by A. niger when employed in concentrations lower than or equal to 50% of culture medium and in the most optimal conditions described above. Alkaline wastewater is highlighted as the most efficient for such production.


A produção de enzimas, a partir de resíduos agroindustriais, é uma alternativa para reutilização destes subprodutos como substrato de baixo custo reduzindo seu impacto causado pelo descarte no meio ambiente. Diante disso, o objetivo deste estudo foi a produção de xilanase por Aspergillus niger, utilizando dois efluentes gerados nas fases de branqueamento químico de polpa de celulose como indutores. A produção de xilanase foi realizada por fermentação líquida submersa, e utilizou-se planejamento fatorial para otimização dos parâmetros influentes de produção (concentração de efluentes e período de produção) e as condições iniciais de cultivo (pH, temperatura e agitação) foram otimizadas de forma independente. O efluente alcalino se mostrou mais efetivo do que o efluente com característica ácida, na indução de xilanase em condições otimizadas: 50% em relação ao meio de cultura, sete dias de produção, 30°C, pH 6,0 e agitação de 160 rpm. Conclui-se que ambos os efluentes, ácido e alcalino, apesar de levarem a diferentes resultados, são capazes de induzir a produção de xilanase por A. niger quando empregues em concentrações menores ou iguais a 50% em relação ao meio de cultura e nas condições ótimas descritas acima, destacando-se o efluente alcalino como mais eficiente para produção de tal enzima.


Subject(s)
Aspergillus niger , Enzymes , Pulp and Paper Industry , Waste Management
2.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 14(2): 2-2, Mar. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-591932

ABSTRACT

The filamentous fungus A. phoenicis produced high levels of beta-D-fructofuranosidase (FFase) when grown for 72 hrs under Solid-State Fermentation (SSF), using soy bran moistened with tap water (1:0.5 w/v) as substrate/carbon source. Two isoforms (I and II) were obtained, and FFase II was purified 18-fold to apparent homogeneity with 14 percent recovery. The native molecular mass of the glycoprotein (12 percent of carbohydrate content) was 158.5 kDa with two subunits of 85 kDa estimated by SDS-PAGE. Optima of temperature and pH were 55ºC and 4.5. The enzyme was stable for more than 1 hr at 50ºC and was also stable in a pH range from 7.0 to 8.0. FFase II retained 80 percent of activity after storage at 4ºC by 200 hrs. Dichroism analysis showed the presence of random and beta-sheet structure. A. phoenicis FFase II was activated by Mn2+, Mg2+ and Co2+, and inhibited by Cu2+, Hg2+ and EDTA. The enzyme hydrolyzed sucrose, inulin and raffinose. Kd and Vmax values were 18 mM and 189 U/mg protein using sucrose as substrate.


Subject(s)
Aspergillus/enzymology , beta-Fructofuranosidase/metabolism , Enzyme Stability , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Hydrolysis , Industrial Microbiology , Kinetics , Substrates for Biological Treatment , Sucrose , Temperature , beta-Fructofuranosidase/isolation & purification
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